If you’re using wp_link_pages() with 'next_or_number' set to 'number' (or not set at all, it’s the default), which you presumably are, then you can use the wp_link_pages_link filter.
wp_link_pages_link lets you filter the HTML for each individual page link that’s output. The 2nd argument, $i, gives you the page number. You can use this to conditionally output HTML before or after the link depending on the current page number.
For example, if I wanted to output a <br> tag after the second link, I would do this: