Is there a way that on WordPress I can upload 3 different image sizes of my featured image? My post images are a different size in the first column rather than the second column, and I also have an owl carousel. In 2 out of the 3 places my featured image for my post gets distorted. So does anyone know how I can upload 3 different image sizes?
Here is what my site post layout looks like. As you can see at the top I have an owl carousel, in column 1 I have one post, and in column 2 I have three posts.

I believe you are looking for add_image_size
.
You need to put this into your functions.php to register new image sizes. WP will automatically crop/resize the uploaded images to fit the sizes you have registered with add_image_size
NOTE
Images that already have been uploaded won’t be affected by adding add_image_size
only new uploads will. To overcome this without having to manually upload all images again, use a plugin like Force Regenerate Thumbnails that will recreate the images with all registered sizes done with add_image_size
Here’s how to use it in it’s most basic form, keeping the original ratio (no cropping, no distortion)
add_image_size( 'custom-size', 220, 180 );
Check out the link to the codex to learn more on how you can use the available parameters.