What’s the shebang/hashbang (#!) in Facebook and new Twitter URLs for?

I’ve just noticed that the long, convoluted Facebook URLs that we’re used to now look like this:

http://www.facebook.com/example.profile#!/pages/Another-Page/123456789012345

As far as I can recall, earlier this year it was just a normal URL-fragment-like string (starting with #), without the exclamation mark. But now it’s a shebang or hashbang (#!), which I’ve previously only seen in shell scripts and Perl scripts.

The new Twitter URLs now also feature the #! symbols. A Twitter profile URL, for example, now looks like this:

http://twitter.com/#!/BoltClock

Does #! now play some special role in URLs, like for a certain Ajax framework or something since the new Facebook and Twitter interfaces are now largely Ajaxified?
Would using this in my URLs benefit my Web application in any way?

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