A default value of 0 for arrays of integral types is guaranteed by the language spec:

Each class variable, instance variable, or array component is initialized with a default value when it is created (§15.9, §15.10) […] For type int, the default value is zero, that is, 0.  

If you want to initialize an one-dimensional array to a different value, you can use java.util.Arrays.fill() (which will of course use a loop internally).

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