I’ve added a role of “Customer” and I am working on customizing the Users Screen for that role. What I’d like to do is customize columns based on that particular role.
Note:
For example, take a look at the screenshot. How would I remove the reference to the posts column for only the customer role?

Manage Columns
It’s pretty straight forward using the manage_{post-type-name}_columns
filter: Just switch per $capability
and unset what you don’t need in the $post_columns
array.
function wpse19435_manage_columns( $posts_columns )
{
// First role: add a column - take a look at the second function
if ( current_user_can( $capability_admin ) )
{
$posts_columns['some_column_name'] = _x( 'Whatever', 'column name' );
}
// second role: remove a column
elseif ( current_user_can( $capability_other_role ) )
{
unset( $posts_columns['comments'] );
}
// default
else
{
// do stuff for all other roles
}
return $posts_columns;
}
add_filter( 'manage_{post-type-name}_columns', 'wpse19435_manage_columns' );
Add a column
function wpse19435_manage_single_column( $column_name, $id )
{
switch( $column_name )
{
case 'some_column_name' :
// do stuff
break;
default :
// do stuff
break;
}
}
add_action('manage_{post-type-name}_custom_column', 'wpse19435_manage_single_column', 10, 2);