What is the difference between an Abstract Data Type(ADT) and a Data Structure?

This may help: To put it simple, ADT is a logical description and data structure is concrete. ADT is the logical picture of the data and the operations to manipulate the component elements of the data. Data structure is the actual representation of the data during the implementation and the algorithms to manipulate the data … Read more

Does Java have something like C#’s ref and out keywords?

No, Java doesn’t have something like C#’s ref and out keywords for passing by reference. You can only pass by value in Java. Even references are passed by value. See Jon Skeet‘s page about parameter passing in Java for more details. To do something similar to ref or out you would have to wrap your parameters inside another object and pass that object reference in as … Read more